Proper use and common faults of rolling bearing
The proper use of rolling bearings is to reduce the bearing fault, the reliable guarantee of extend bearing life, its content includes the correct installation and reasonable lubrication.
Respectively introduce below use requirement and common faults of rolling bearing, the damage.
A, the correct use of rolling bearing
1. The dismantling of bearing
Before installation should clean the bearings. When installed, you should use the special tool to auxiliary sell straight uniform pressure into the, don't use hammer percussion, specifically prohibit direct bearing on tap. When bearing race with a hole loose, should be to repair or replace the bearing seat holes, do not use on the surface of bearing with pitting or pad barely use copper method. Bearing removal should be used when appropriate to pull pull the bearing, do not use a chisel, hammer percussion bearing, etc.
2. The bearing lubrication
Rolling bearing two kinds of commonly used lubricants lubricating oil and grease. When the peripheral speed of the shaft is smaller than 4 to 5 m/s, or the auto parts can't be used lubricating oil, lubricated by grease. Grease lubrication sealing structure of the method is simple, the grease is not easy to drain, little affected by temperature, plus a grease can use a long time.
Use grease should pay attention to two questions, one is according to the requirements of the car manual, choose suitable type of grease. Auto water pump bearing, for example, unfavorable choose base grease, due to its poor water resistance. 2 it is to join in the bearing grease want right amount, generally only half of the bearing cavity filling - l / 3 advisable, too much not only useless, also increases the bearing running resistance, heat fever. Paying special attention to the automobile wheel hub bearing, we must promote the "empty hub lubrication", that is only in the layer of the tu yi on bearing can be just the right amount of grease, otherwise, not only waste and poor heat dissipation, still can make heat grease spillover, may affect the braking performance.
Lubricating oil has the advantage of small frictional resistance, and heat dissipation, it is mainly used for the bearings of high-speed and working environment temperature is higher. Brand to choose according to the requirement of the car manual of lubricating oil, and car maintenance cycle change in time, released after the old oil is to add new oil after cleaning of institutions, oil should be added to the line, or in connection with filler level (depending on the auto specific structure, requirements), not more.
Second, the rolling bearing common faults
Rolling bearing fault phenomenon generally show the two kinds, one is the bearing installation site temperature is too high, the second is the bearing running noise.
1. The bearing temperature is too high
When institutions, installation of bearing parts allowed to have a certain temperature, when the hand touch body shell, should not feel hot as normal, conversely indicates that bearing temperature is too high.
The cause of the high bearing temperature are: lubricating oil quality does not conform to the requirements or metamorphism, lubricating oil viscosity is too high; The assemble tight (inadequate clearance); Bearing assembly too tight; Bearing race in internal rotation shaft or housing; Too much load; Bearing cage or rolling body fracture, etc.
2. Bearing noise
The functioning of the rolling bearing in the work to allow a slight noise, if you have any abnormal noise or excessive noise or sound, suggests that the bearing failure.
Cause noise of rolling bearings is more complex, one is the bearing inner and outer surface wear. Due to the wear and tear, damage to the bearings and shell, bearing and shaft cooperate relationship, lead to axis deviation from the correct position, when axis at high speed movement produces sound. When the bearing fatigue, its surface metal flake, also can produce sound make bearing radial clearance increases. In addition, the bearing lubrication, forms the dry friction, and bearing broken etc all make abnormal noise. Bearing wear loose after kuang, maintains a looseness damage, also can produce sound.
3, rolling bearing damage
Rolling bearings to remove check, according to the damage of bearing bearing failure and damage reasons.
1. The raceway surface of the metal flake
Bearing roller and the inner and outer ring raceway surface under the role of the periodic pulse load, resulting in a periodic change of contact stress. When stress cycles after reaching a certain value, the rolling element bearings, their work within or surface produce fatigue spalling. If the bearing load is too big, can make the fatigue. In addition, the bearing installation is not straight, shaft bending, also can produce roll flaking off.
Bearing raceway fatigue spalling can reduce the running accuracy of shaft vibration and noise in the organization.
2. Bearing burn
Burn on the race, rolling element bearing heat tint. Burns is usually the cause of insufficient lubrication, lubricating oil quality does not conform to the requirements or metamorphism, and bearing assembly too tight.
3. The plastic deformation
Bearing raceway and roller contact surface appear uneven pits, bearing produce plastic deformation. The reason is bearing under static load or shock loading, local stress exceeds the yield limit of material on the surface of the work, this kind of situation usually happened in the low-speed rotation of the bearing.
4. Bearing race crack
Cause crack of the bearing race may be bearing fit tight, loose foreign or bearing inner ring, bearing deformation, inclusive of installation of bearing surface processing etc.
5. Maintains a fracture
The reason is the insufficient lubrication, rolling body breakage and seat skew, etc.
6. Maintains a metal adhesion on the roller
Possible reason is that roller was stuck in a cage or insufficient lubrication.
